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Measuring the Wealth of Nations GitHub ↗

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Sources for this series (19)

Shaikh & Tonak 1994, tables 5.7 and H.1; BEA; BLS + 6 more — recomputed by Heterodata

Shaikh, Anwar; Tonak, E. Ahmet. 1994. “Measuring the Wealth of Nations: The Political Economy of National Accounts.” Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511528330

Cited here: Table 5.7 — Marxian variables and their orthodox counterparts, 1948–89 (pp. 120–121); the e = S*/V* rate is stated in the text, not printed as a table row; Table H.1 — Surplus value and profit, 1948–89 (Appendix H, pp. 323–328); S* and V* component series

verified: crossref · 2026-05-24

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Plain text & BibTeX
Shaikh, Anwar; Tonak, E. Ahmet. 1994. “Measuring the Wealth of Nations: The Political Economy of National Accounts.” Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511528330
@book{shaikh_tonak1994,
  author   = {Shaikh, Anwar and Tonak, E. Ahmet},
  title    = {Measuring the Wealth of Nations: The Political Economy of National Accounts},
  publisher= {Cambridge University Press},
  year     = {1994},
  doi      = {10.1017/cbo9780511528330}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 1998. “Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the United States, 1992.” U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://www.bea.gov/industry/historical-benchmark-input-output-tables

verified: BEA volume title page read (apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/national/inputout/meth/io1992.pdf) + BEA Historical Benchmark I-O Tables page fetched 2026-08-12 · 2026-08-12

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Plain text & BibTeX
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 1998. “Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the United States, 1992.” U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis.
@report{bea1998_benchmark_io_1992,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis},
  title    = {Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the United States, 1992},
  publisher= {U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis},
  year     = {1998},
  url      = {https://www.bea.gov/industry/historical-benchmark-input-output-tables}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Accounts. n.d.. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Output (2005=100 at Shaikh retrieval; modern vintage 2017=100).” BEA. https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-industry

verified: manual · 2026-08-10

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U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Accounts. n.d. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Output (2005=100 at Shaikh retrieval; modern vintage 2017=100).” BEA.
@report{bea_gdp_by_industry,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Accounts},
  title    = {BEA GDP-by-Industry: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Output (2005=100 at Shaikh retrieval; modern vintage 2017=100)},
  publisher= {BEA},
  url      = {https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-industry}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2007. “SIC to NAICS Conversion Tables.” U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://www.bea.gov/research/papers/2007/converting-historical-industry-time-series-data-sic-naics

verified: BEA research page fetched 2026-08-12 (page lists the Excel file and its method paper) · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2007. “SIC to NAICS Conversion Tables.” U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.
@dataset{bea_sic_naics_conversion_tables,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis},
  title    = {SIC to NAICS Conversion Tables},
  publisher= {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis},
  year     = {2007},
  url      = {https://www.bea.gov/research/papers/2007/converting-historical-industry-time-series-data-sic-naics}
}

Rotta, Tomás N. 2018. “Unproductive accumulation in the USA: a new analytical framework.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 42(5): 1367-1392. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/cje/bex080

verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata, api.crossref.org (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12

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Rotta, Tomás N. 2018. “Unproductive accumulation in the USA: a new analytical framework.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 42(5): 1367-1392. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bex080
@article{rotta2018,
  author   = {Rotta, Tomás N.},
  title    = {Unproductive accumulation in the USA: a new analytical framework},
  journal  = {Cambridge Journal of Economics},
  volume   = {42},
  number   = {5},
  pages    = {1367-1392},
  publisher= {Oxford University Press},
  year     = {2018},
  doi      = {10.1093/cje/bex080},
  url      = {https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bex080}
}

Savran, Sungur; Tonak, E. Ahmet. 1999. “Productive and Unproductive Labour: An Attempt at Clarification and Classification.” Capital & Class 23(2): 113-152. SAGE Publications. doi:10.1177/030981689906800107

verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata, api.crossref.org (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12

Open in bibliography

Plain text & BibTeX
Savran, Sungur; Tonak, E. Ahmet. 1999. “Productive and Unproductive Labour: An Attempt at Clarification and Classification.” Capital & Class 23(2): 113-152. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/030981689906800107
@article{savran_tonak1999,
  author   = {Savran, Sungur and Tonak, E. Ahmet},
  title    = {Productive and Unproductive Labour: An Attempt at Clarification and Classification},
  journal  = {Capital & Class},
  volume   = {23},
  number   = {2},
  pages    = {113-152},
  publisher= {SAGE Publications},
  year     = {1999},
  doi      = {10.1177/030981689906800107},
  url      = {https://doi.org/10.1177/030981689906800107}
}

Paitaridis, Dimitris; Tsoulfidis, Lefteris. 2012. “The Growth of Unproductive Activities, the Rate of Profit, and the Phase-Change of the U.S. Economy.” Review of Radical Political Economics 44(2): 213-233. SAGE Publications. doi:10.1177/0486613411423899

verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata + KB printed title page (the project knowledge base, printed p. 213) (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12

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Plain text & BibTeX
Paitaridis, Dimitris; Tsoulfidis, Lefteris. 2012. “The Growth of Unproductive Activities, the Rate of Profit, and the Phase-Change of the U.S. Economy.” Review of Radical Political Economics 44(2): 213-233. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.1177/0486613411423899
@article{paitaridis_tsoulfidis2012,
  author   = {Paitaridis, Dimitris and Tsoulfidis, Lefteris},
  title    = {The Growth of Unproductive Activities, the Rate of Profit, and the Phase-Change of the U.S. Economy},
  journal  = {Review of Radical Political Economics},
  volume   = {44},
  number   = {2},
  pages    = {213-233},
  publisher= {SAGE Publications},
  year     = {2012},
  doi      = {10.1177/0486613411423899},
  url      = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0486613411423899}
}

Mohun, Simon. 2006. “Distributive shares in the US economy, 1964-2001.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 30(3): 347-370. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/cje/bei065

verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata, api.crossref.org (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12

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Plain text & BibTeX
Mohun, Simon. 2006. “Distributive shares in the US economy, 1964-2001.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 30(3): 347-370. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bei065
@article{mohun2006,
  author   = {Mohun, Simon},
  title    = {Distributive shares in the US economy, 1964-2001},
  journal  = {Cambridge Journal of Economics},
  volume   = {30},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {347-370},
  publisher= {Oxford University Press},
  year     = {2006},
  doi      = {10.1093/cje/bei065},
  url      = {https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bei065}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA annual Supply-Use (Input-Output) tables, summary 71-order - API tables 258, 259, 261, 262.” BEA Input-Output Accounts, accessed via the BEA Data API (datasetname=InputOutput).

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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Plain text & BibTeX
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d. “BEA annual Supply-Use (Input-Output) tables, summary 71-order - API tables 258, 259, 261, 262.” BEA Input-Output Accounts, accessed via the BEA Data API (datasetname=InputOutput).
@dataset{bea-annual-supply-use-71order-api,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts},
  title    = {BEA annual Supply-Use (Input-Output) tables, summary 71-order - API tables 258, 259, 261, 262},
  series   = {BEA Input-Output Accounts, accessed via the BEA Data API (datasetname=InputOutput)},
  urldate  = {2026-07-07},
  version  = {2026-07 vintage}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA NAICS benchmark Input-Output accounts - detailed Make and Use (producers' and purchasers' prices) tables, total-requirements tables and 2017 Supply table.” BEA Benchmark Input-Output Accounts (NAICS basis).

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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Plain text & BibTeX
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d. “BEA NAICS benchmark Input-Output accounts - detailed Make and Use (producers' and purchasers' prices) tables, total-requirements tables and 2017 Supply table.” BEA Benchmark Input-Output Accounts (NAICS basis).
@dataset{bea-benchmark-io-naics-detail-1997-2017,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts},
  title    = {BEA NAICS benchmark Input-Output accounts - detailed Make and Use (producers' and purchasers' prices) tables, total-requirements tables and 2017 Supply table},
  series   = {BEA Benchmark Input-Output Accounts (NAICS basis)},
  urldate  = {2026-07-07},
  version  = {2026-07 vintage}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “GDPbyInd_VA_SIC.xls - BEA GDP-by-Industry historical SIC-basis detail, 1947-1997 (72SIC and 87SIC sheets: value added, gross output, intermediate inputs, components, employment).” BEA historical GDP-by-Industry archive (apps.bea.gov/histdatabea). https://apps.bea.gov/industry/xls/GDPbyInd_VA_SIC.xls

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d. “GDPbyInd_VA_SIC.xls - BEA GDP-by-Industry historical SIC-basis detail, 1947-1997 (72SIC and 87SIC sheets: value added, gross output, intermediate inputs, components, employment).” BEA historical GDP-by-Industry archive (apps.bea.gov/histdatabea).
@misc{bea-gdpbyind-va-sic-historical-workbook,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)},
  title    = {GDPbyInd_VA_SIC.xls - BEA GDP-by-Industry historical SIC-basis detail, 1947-1997 (72SIC and 87SIC sheets: value added, gross output, intermediate inputs, components, employment)},
  series   = {BEA historical GDP-by-Industry archive (apps.bea.gov/histdatabea)},
  url      = {https://apps.bea.gov/industry/xls/GDPbyInd_VA_SIC.xls},
  urldate  = {2004-06-17},
  version  = {2004-06 vintage}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: components of value added by industry (cache gdp_by_industry_va_components.csv).” BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API.

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: components of value added by industry (cache gdp_by_industry_va_components.csv).” BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API.
@dataset{bea-gdpbyindustry-va-components,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts},
  title    = {BEA GDP-by-Industry: components of value added by industry (cache gdp_by_industry_va_components.csv)},
  series   = {BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: Value Added by Industry (API TableID=1).” BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API.

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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Plain text & BibTeX
U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: Value Added by Industry (API TableID=1).” BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API.
@dataset{bea-gdpbyindustry-value-added,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts},
  title    = {BEA GDP-by-Industry: Value Added by Industry (API TableID=1)},
  series   = {BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API},
  urldate  = {2026-02-24},
  version  = {2026-02 vintage}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “BEA NIPA Table 2.1, Personal Income and Its Disposition (API table T20100) - compensation-of-employees line.” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API.

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d. “BEA NIPA Table 2.1, Personal Income and Its Disposition (API table T20100) - compensation-of-employees line.” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API.
@dataset{bea-nipa-t20100,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)},
  title    = {BEA NIPA Table 2.1, Personal Income and Its Disposition (API table T20100) - compensation-of-employees line},
  series   = {BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API},
  urldate  = {2026-02-24},
  version  = {2026-02 vintage}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “BEA NIPA Table 6.2D, Compensation of Employees by Industry (API table T60200D).” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API.

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d. “BEA NIPA Table 6.2D, Compensation of Employees by Industry (API table T60200D).” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API.
@dataset{bea-nipa-t60200d,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)},
  title    = {BEA NIPA Table 6.2D, Compensation of Employees by Industry (API table T60200D)},
  series   = {BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API},
  urldate  = {2026-02-24},
  version  = {2026-02 vintage}
}

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “BEA NIPA Table 6.10D, Employer Contributions for Government Social Insurance by Industry (API table T61000D).” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API.

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d. “BEA NIPA Table 6.10D, Employer Contributions for Government Social Insurance by Industry (API table T61000D).” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API.
@dataset{bea-nipa-t61000d,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)},
  title    = {BEA NIPA Table 6.10D, Employer Contributions for Government Social Insurance by Industry (API table T61000D)},
  series   = {BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API},
  urldate  = {2026-02-24},
  version  = {2026-02 vintage}
}

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). n.d.. “BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES): all-employee and production/nonsupervisory-employee series.” BLS Current Employment Statistics (National), accessed via the BLS Public Data API v2. https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). n.d. “BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES): all-employee and production/nonsupervisory-employee series.” BLS Current Employment Statistics (National), accessed via the BLS Public Data API v2.
@dataset{bls-ces-employment-and-production-workers,
  author   = {U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)},
  title    = {BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES): all-employee and production/nonsupervisory-employee series},
  series   = {BLS Current Employment Statistics (National), accessed via the BLS Public Data API v2},
  url      = {https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/},
  urldate  = {2026-02-24},
  version  = {2026-02 vintage}
}

U.S. Census Bureau. n.d.. “Census Annual Retail Trade Survey (ARTS) gross-margin tables and Annual Wholesale Trade Survey (AWTS) purchases/gross-margin and sales tables.” U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Retail Trade Survey / Annual Wholesale Trade Survey.

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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U.S. Census Bureau. n.d. “Census Annual Retail Trade Survey (ARTS) gross-margin tables and Annual Wholesale Trade Survey (AWTS) purchases/gross-margin and sales tables.” U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Retail Trade Survey / Annual Wholesale Trade Survey.
@dataset{census-arts-awts-trade-margins,
  author   = {U.S. Census Bureau},
  title    = {Census Annual Retail Trade Survey (ARTS) gross-margin tables and Annual Wholesale Trade Survey (AWTS) purchases/gross-margin and sales tables},
  series   = {U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Retail Trade Survey / Annual Wholesale Trade Survey},
  urldate  = {2026-07-07},
  version  = {2026-07 vintage}
}

RED / the predecessor project (Shaikh & Tonak 1994 replication). n.d.. “kio_final_1990_2024.csv - benchmark-anchored, bias-corrected, uncertainty-banded I-O uplift series kIO(t), 1990-2024.” RED/MWN promoted source artefact (derived internal); reproducible machinery at the project's build outputs.

verified: manual · 2026-08-12

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RED / the predecessor project (Shaikh & Tonak 1994 replication). n.d. “kio_final_1990_2024.csv - benchmark-anchored, bias-corrected, uncertainty-banded I-O uplift series kIO(t), 1990-2024.” RED/MWN promoted source artefact (derived internal); reproducible machinery at the project's build outputs.
@dataset{rmwnd-kio-final-1990-2024,
  author   = {RED / the predecessor project (Shaikh & Tonak 1994 replication)},
  title    = {kio_final_1990_2024.csv - benchmark-anchored, bias-corrected, uncertainty-banded I-O uplift series kIO(t), 1990-2024},
  series   = {RED/MWN promoted source artefact (derived internal); reproducible machinery at the project's build outputs}
}
Show the full bibliography for this series
  1. Shaikh, Anwar; Tonak, E. Ahmet. 1994. “Measuring the Wealth of Nations: The Political Economy of National Accounts.” Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511528330 verified: crossref · 2026-05-24
  2. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 1998. “Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the United States, 1992.” U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://www.bea.gov/industry/historical-benchmark-input-output-tables verified: BEA volume title page read (apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/national/inputout/meth/io1992.pdf) + BEA Historical Benchmark I-O Tables page fetched 2026-08-12 · 2026-08-12
  3. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Accounts. n.d.. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Output (2005=100 at Shaikh retrieval; modern vintage 2017=100).” BEA. https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-industry verified: manual · 2026-08-10
  4. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2007. “SIC to NAICS Conversion Tables.” U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. https://www.bea.gov/research/papers/2007/converting-historical-industry-time-series-data-sic-naics verified: BEA research page fetched 2026-08-12 (page lists the Excel file and its method paper) · 2026-08-12
  5. Rotta, Tomás N. 2018. “Unproductive accumulation in the USA: a new analytical framework.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 42(5): 1367-1392. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/cje/bex080 verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata, api.crossref.org (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12
  6. Savran, Sungur; Tonak, E. Ahmet. 1999. “Productive and Unproductive Labour: An Attempt at Clarification and Classification.” Capital & Class 23(2): 113-152. SAGE Publications. doi:10.1177/030981689906800107 verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata, api.crossref.org (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12
  7. Paitaridis, Dimitris; Tsoulfidis, Lefteris. 2012. “The Growth of Unproductive Activities, the Rate of Profit, and the Phase-Change of the U.S. Economy.” Review of Radical Political Economics 44(2): 213-233. SAGE Publications. doi:10.1177/0486613411423899 verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata + KB printed title page (the project knowledge base, printed p. 213) (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12
  8. Mohun, Simon. 2006. “Distributive shares in the US economy, 1964-2001.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 30(3): 347-370. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/cje/bei065 verified: DOI resolution via Crossref registered metadata, api.crossref.org (2026-08-12) · 2026-08-12
  9. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA annual Supply-Use (Input-Output) tables, summary 71-order - API tables 258, 259, 261, 262.” BEA Input-Output Accounts, accessed via the BEA Data API (datasetname=InputOutput). verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  10. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA NAICS benchmark Input-Output accounts - detailed Make and Use (producers' and purchasers' prices) tables, total-requirements tables and 2017 Supply table.” BEA Benchmark Input-Output Accounts (NAICS basis). verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  11. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “GDPbyInd_VA_SIC.xls - BEA GDP-by-Industry historical SIC-basis detail, 1947-1997 (72SIC and 87SIC sheets: value added, gross output, intermediate inputs, components, employment).” BEA historical GDP-by-Industry archive (apps.bea.gov/histdatabea). https://apps.bea.gov/industry/xls/GDPbyInd_VA_SIC.xls verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  12. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: components of value added by industry (cache gdp_by_industry_va_components.csv).” BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API. verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  13. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Industry Economic Accounts. n.d.. “BEA GDP-by-Industry: Value Added by Industry (API TableID=1).” BEA Industry Economic Accounts / GDP by Industry, accessed via the BEA Data API. verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  14. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “BEA NIPA Table 2.1, Personal Income and Its Disposition (API table T20100) - compensation-of-employees line.” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API. verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  15. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “BEA NIPA Table 6.2D, Compensation of Employees by Industry (API table T60200D).” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API. verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  16. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). n.d.. “BEA NIPA Table 6.10D, Employer Contributions for Government Social Insurance by Industry (API table T61000D).” BEA National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA), accessed via the BEA Data API. verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  17. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). n.d.. “BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES): all-employee and production/nonsupervisory-employee series.” BLS Current Employment Statistics (National), accessed via the BLS Public Data API v2. https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/ verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  18. U.S. Census Bureau. n.d.. “Census Annual Retail Trade Survey (ARTS) gross-margin tables and Annual Wholesale Trade Survey (AWTS) purchases/gross-margin and sales tables.” U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Retail Trade Survey / Annual Wholesale Trade Survey. verified: manual · 2026-08-12
  19. RED / the predecessor project (Shaikh & Tonak 1994 replication). n.d.. “kio_final_1990_2024.csv - benchmark-anchored, bias-corrected, uncertainty-banded I-O uplift series kIO(t), 1990-2024.” RED/MWN promoted source artefact (derived internal); reproducible machinery at the project's build outputs. verified: manual · 2026-08-12

Each short reference above opens its full record; the dataset's complete bibliography is on the download page.